• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A bipolar type electrolyzer unit cell comprising an anode-side pan-shaped body (10) and a cathode-­side pan-shaped body which comprise each a hooked frame (7), frame wall (8), and partition wall (9) and are disposed back to back; and rod-shaped frames (1) inserted between the hooked flange and the frame wall in each body, and a bipolar type of electrolyzer in which a plurality of said unit cells is arranged in series.
    公开号:SU1720496A3
    申请号:SU864028423
    申请日:1986-10-22
    公开日:1992-03-15
    发明作者:Миеси Кейдзи；Сато Масатоси
    申请人:Асахи Касеи Когио Кабусики Кайся (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an electrolytic cell and to the design of its elementary electrolytic cells, in particular, to an electrolytic cell structure that is easily assembled and disassembled. The described electrolytic cells are designed for electrolysis of not only alkali metal chlorides for the formation of chlorine and alkali metal oxides, but also for the electrolyzer of other compounds, for example for electrolysis of water.
    The purpose of the invention is to simplify the installation of the electrolyzer.
    FIG. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of an assembled elementary cell (preferred embodiment of the invention) consisting of anode and cathode chambers and form an electrolytic cell; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - construction of podon-shaped hulls of the elementary
    cells that form the anode and cathode chambers, respectively; in fig. 4 shows a hook flange that is used in the unit cell; in fig. 5 and b - the process of manufacturing the pallet-shaped body; in fig. 7 is a bipolar electrolyzer unit of a preferred embodiment of the invention consisting of many unit cells.
    The electrolyzer contains a rod-like part 1, a palletized housing 2, an edge 3 for forming an electrical connection, an electrode 4, an opening 5, a contact part 6, a hook-like flange 7, a wall of the frame 8, a dividing partition 9, an electronic chamber 10, a reinforcing edge 11, an inlet nozzle 12, an exhaust nozzle 13, a corner portion 14, a cation-exchange membrane 15, gaskets 16, 17, an anode chamber. 18, cathode chamber 19, side
    N1
    eight
    I
    S
    rod 20, connecting part 21 or part, terminal plate 22, plate 23 providing connection by means of an explosion, a bipolar elementary cell 24, from which the electrolyzer is formed.
    The goal is achieved by using an elementary cell made of a pan-shaped housing on the anode side and a pallet-shaped case on the cathode side, each of these cases consisting of a flange, a frame wall and a partition wall, and the shells themselves are located in the back of the head; and from rod-shaped frames installed between the hook-shaped flange and the wall of the frame in each housing. Consequently, the proposed bipolar electrolyzer with a diaphragm in the form of an ion-exchange membrane consists of a large number of bipolar elementary or electrolyte cells, each of which is formed by a pallet-shaped body on the anode side and a pallet-shaped body on the cathode side, each of these bodies consisting of a hook-shaped the flange, the walls of the frame of the dividing partition, and the bodies themselves are located at the back of the head; rod-shaped parts installed between the hook-shaped flange and the frame wall in each housing; an anode and a cathode, which are electrically connected to a separating partition through electrically conductive ribs, and a cation-exchange membrane installed between the anode side and the cathode side of another elementary cell adjacent to the anode, so that no side electrodes of the two bodies were facing each other, as well as two opposite end seals containing, respectively, the anode and cathode; two electrical terminal plates rigidly attached to the opposite end seams; from a large number of the mentioned elementary (electrolytic) cells arranged in series.
    It is known that electrolysis of water can occur without the use of an ion exchange membrane.
    The main units of the biopole cell mentioned above are bipolar elementary cells formed of a sub-tray on the anode side and a sub-tray on the cathode side, each of which consists of a hook flange, a frame wall and a partition wall, and these are
    there is a nape in the nape; from rod-shaped parts, each of which is inserted into a groove formed in the interval between the hook-shaped flange and the wall of the frame in each housing, and both the upper and lower rod-shaped horizontal parts are provided with two openings located at opposite ends of the part. Mentioned elementary cell is extremely easy to assemble.
    A sub-shaped body made of a single sheet or plate has indisputable advantages over sub-shaped bodies made of several sheets or plates, not only in terms of its ease of processing, but also in terms of a rather significant decrease in the probability of electrolyte leakage. In this case, it will be possible to significantly reduce the number of welded elements. In addition, the formation of an elementary cell is extremely simple. To do this, you only need to place two rod-shaped details of the back of the head and the back of the rod-shaped parts between the hook flange and the adjacent wall of the frame.
    To facilitate the installation of the rod-shaped parts, it is recommended that these parts be shorter compared to the height of the elementary cell itself. They should be made shorter than the height of the elementary cell by the thickness of the rod-shaped horizontal parts. The rod-shaped parts are installed vertically, after which those rod-shaped parts are installed horizontally, the length of which will be equal to the width of the elementary cell. It is also recommended to alternately install rod-shaped parts, the length of which will be shorter by the thickness of the frame compared to the width and height of the corresponding unit cell, as a result of which a two-dimensional lattice-like structure will be formed. This structure is undoubtedly more efficient both in terms of its strength and in terms of assembly.
    Other devices or elements of elementary cell formation will be identical to those used to form conventional or already known elementary cells. In this case, first of all, such cell elements as the ion-exchange membrane, gaskets, etc. are meant.
    Among the alkali metal chlorides that can be processed in the proposed electrolyzer, first of all it should
    mention sodium chloride, potassium chloride and lithium chloride. It is well understood that sodium chloride is the most important for industry.
    The proposed electrolyzer can also be used for the electrolysis of water.
    The elementary cell of the proposed electrolyzer is extremely simple to assemble and disassemble, since it can be made by simply arranging two pallet-shaped housings containing an anode and a cathode, the back of the head, and then installing it between the hook-shaped flange and the wall of the frame of the rod-shaped parts. or elements in each of the said housings. In addition, each pallet-shaped body can be made from a single sheet or plate, thereby minimizing the number of welded body elements, which in turn makes it possible to minimize the probability of electrolyte leakage and residual deformation that may occur during the manufacture of an elementary cell. . In this case, the construction of an elementary cell is very cheap.
    The ribs 3 to form an electrical connection (hereinafter, simply referred to as electrically conductive ribs) are welded to the sub-body 2, and the electrode 4 is welded to opposite sides of the ribs 3.
    The sub-shaped body 2 is formed by a hook-like flange 7 (FIG. 4), a wall of the frame 8 and a partition wall 9. Surrounded by the wall of the frame 8 and the partition wall 9, the space-like function of the anode or cathode chamber. The anode and cathode chambers are sealed with appropriate gaskets. The most suitable material for the manufacture of gaskets is ethylene-propylene rubber, polydraft-ethylene, etc. It is desirable that the width of each strip for the anode or cathode chambers be equal to the width of the seal. The thickness of the gaskets for the anode and cathode chambers usually ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
    Each rod-shaped part 1 is inserted or inserted into the space formed by each hook-shaped flange 7 and the adjacent wall of the frame 8, which in this case are joined together by a nape to the back of the head. In each rod-shaped part 1, a groove is formed, which provides a firm connection of the upper part of each flange-shaped flange with
    barbell detail. The hook of each hook flange 7 itself can be so long that, after being installed in a groove formed on each rod-shaped part, it does not protrude beyond this groove. The hook may also have a length that will be necessary to perform some kind of bending operation. It is recommended to have a hook length ranging from 2 to 20, and preferably from 5 to 10 mm.
    The length in the direction of the electric current passing from the wall of the frame 8 corresponds to the thickness of the anode or cathode chamber and is usually in the range of 10 to 100 mm.
    The height of the dividing wall corresponds to the height of the anode chamber, as well as the height of the cathode chamber.
    This height is usually in the range of 50 to 200 cm. The transverse width of the dividing partition corresponds to the transverse width of the anode chamber as well as the transverse width of the cathode chamber. The transverse width is usually in the range of 20 to 400 cm. The thickness of the pan-shaped body 2 can be made such that the required initial material of the sheet material (plate) of this body can be bent, the body itself can easily withstand the internal pressure and the electrically conductive the fins could be welded freely to the body, i.e. preferably, this thickness ranges from about 1 to about 3 mm.
    The conductive ribs 3 are welded to the pallet-shaped body 2. Each of these ribs has five openings. through which the electrolyte and the end product of electrolysis. The thickness of the electrically conductive ribs is chosen such that the gap between the ion exchange membrane and each electrode is zero or almost zero. When choosing the thickness of the electrically conductive ribs, it is also necessary to consider the wall length of the frame 8, the thickness of the sealing or sealing gaskets 16 and 17, and the thickness of each electrode 4.
    If it is necessary to further strengthen each electrode chamber, then it is recommended to fix reinforcing ribs or simply stiffeners in the central part of the said chambers. As the starting material for the fabrication of stiffeners for the cathode chamber, the same material is used as for the manufacture of the pan-like body on the cathode side, i.e. iron, nickel, stainless steel or an alloy of these metals. As the source
    The ribbing material for the anode chamber is used the same material as for the manufacture of the pallet-shaped body on the anode side, i.e. titanium or titanium alloy. In order to reinforce the entire structure, it is desirable that two plates having the same shape as the electrically conductive fins be joined together at many points of the joint. It is also desirable that any reinforcement or reinforcement element is in close contact with the wall of the frame and the rod-like parts. Like the electrically conductive stiffening or reinforcement ribs, there are five holes through which the electrolyte and the final electrolysis product freely pass.
    For electrodes 4, it is possible to use metallic elements of practically any shape, but with the obligatory condition that they have several holes. Expanded metals, for example, metal sheets in the form of a perforated flat plate, combined rods or wire metal mesh, may be the starting metal sheet material for the production of electrodes.
    As for the rod-shaped parts 1, for each elementary cell two horizontal and two vertical rod-shaped parts are required. Each horizontal rod-shaped part has an orifice for the nozzle. The hook of each hook flange 7 itself is installed in the groove. The length of each upper and lower rod-shaped parts 1 corresponds to the sum of the transverse width of the partition 9 and half the width of the front side of the seal of the hook flange 7. The length of each vertical rod-shaped part 1 corresponds to the sum of the height of the partition 9 and half of the width of the front side of the hook flange 7.
    The cross-sectional shape of each rod-shaped part 1 is identical to the cross-section of the space formed by each hook-shaped flange 7 and the adjacent wall of the frame 8. It is desirable to protect the surface of the rod-shaped parts 1 with a rubber facing, epoxy-coated coating or other similar materials to ensure good electrical insulation and protect surface corrosion.
    The starting materials for the fabrication of the box-shaped body 2 and the electrically conductive fins 3 can be metals or alloys that will be anticorrosive.
    in electrolysis conditions. For example, titanium and titanium alloys can be used to form a pallet-shaped body on the anode side, and iron, nickel and stainless steel and alloys of these metals can be used to make a pallet-shaped body on the cathode side.
    Any of the three materials that are used for the usual electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chloride, i.e. The anode is formed as a result of treating such starting metals as titanium, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, or any alloy of these metals with subsequent coating of the starting material, which has already been given the shape of the anode, with an anode active material mainly consisting of metallic oxide.
    platinum group, for example from okimi ruthenium.
    For the formation of the cathode, shaped iron, nickel or any alloy of these metals can be used, and these metals
    used in their original form or pre-coated with a cathode active material, for example, a skeletal nickel hydrogenation catalyst, Rodan-nickel or oxide
    nickel
    For the manufacture of rod-shaped parts 1, metals such as iron, stainless steel and the like can be used with little or no
    metals, as well as plastic materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. However, preference in this case is given to metals, since with their help the necessary
    strength of the structure of the electrolyzer. Thereby, these parts can be made both solid and hollow, however, from the point of view of structural strength, solid parts are preferred.
    The pallet wrap body 2 is manufactured, for example, as follows. The plate is pre-bent at all four corners (Fig. 5} is cut so that it takes the form of a sub-body. The hook-shaped flange 7 and the wall of the frame 8 are bent along dotted and solid lines with the final formation of the desired shape. Therefore, in this case, welding operations
    will only be needed at the four corners of this design. Due to this, the number of welded parts and elements is significantly reduced, and the residual strain is also greatly reduced.
    In addition, in accordance with the invention, the attachment points of the electrodes on the electrically conductive ribs, as well as the front surfaces of the seal of the hook flanges, which, in accordance with the prior art, had to be machined in order to eliminate the welding and other assembly and installation operations residual deformation can be processed with a high degree of accuracy without the occurrence of permanent deformation in them and a very simple operation.
    In this case, the invention eliminates the need for machining the said attachment points and the front sealing surfaces, which significantly reduces the cost of manufacture of the entire structure.
    In accordance with the invention, the unit cell is formed as follows. Pre-fabricated pod-shaped enclosures for anode and cathode chambers are installed in the back of the head. These housings can be joined together by welding, for example, at the connection points, or they may not be joined. However, it is recommended to connect these enclosures, as in this case there will be a lower electrical resistance. This can be achieved by direct ultrasonic welding of the housings or by spot welding them, for which a titanium-iron plate is needed to be installed between the housings, with these two metal plates being joined together by means of an explosion.
    Then, the rod-shaped parts 1 are inserted into the space formed between the hook-shaped flange 7 and the wall of the frame 8 so that the upper, right, lower and left frames can be attached to the housing. It is then inserted into the upper hole for the nozzle 25 and into the lower hole for the nozzle 25, which are formed in the rod-shaped parts, respectively, the nozzle 12 for the electrolyte inlet and the nozzle 13 for the outlet of the electrolyte, and seal the gap between the inlet nozzle and the hole 26, which is drilled through the bottom the wall of the frame 8, and also seal the gap between the exhaust nozzle and the hole 26 drilled through the upper wall of the frame 8.
    According to the invention, there are no specific limitations regarding the type of cation-exchange membrane used in this case. In this case, you can use any membrane that is commonly used for the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of alkali chloride 5 metals.
    The most suitable resins for the manufacture of cation-exchange membranes are sulfonic acid resins. carboxylic acid, polysulfamide and on
    0 based on various combinations of carboxylic and sulfonic acids. In this case, preference is undoubtedly given to the carboxylic acid-sulfonic acid resin, since this resin provides a great deal of nip and transfer of alkali metal ions. If the cation-exchange membrane is made of a resin of the combined type, then it is highly recommended to install it between the anode and the cathode.
    0 so that the anode faces the side where the sulfonic acid groups of the cation-exchange membrane are present and the cathode faces the side where carboxylic acid groups are present
    5 of the same membrane.
    With regard to the effectiveness of the curing binder of the cation-exchange membrane, from the point of view of resistance to chlorine, preference should be given to fluorocarbon polymers. In order to increase the mechanical strength of the membranes, they can be enhanced (reinforced) with a cloth, mesh, etc.
    The proposed technical solution makes it possible to simplify installation in comparison with the known one.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    The invention of the filter-type electrolyzer, including monopolar electrodes,
    0 between which are placed bipolar electrodes, anode and cathode parts, made in the form of electrically conductive ribs, connected to the distribution wall, frame with bipolar electrodes
    5 form a plurality of elementary electrochemical cells, characterized in that, in order to simplify the installation of the electrolyzer, the distribution partition is made in the form of two sheets, the ends of which are hook-shaped and bent inward to form the cavity of the elementary electrochemical cell, the sides are interconnected by sides opposite to the curved ends and in
    5, a frame is set between the hooked parts of the sheets.
    1
    FIG. 2
    7th
    eight
    -9
    ten
    -3 4
    -five
    Fig.Z
    FIG. four
    Fi & 5
    1U
    7
    FIG. 6
    2
     i9. chz
    22ftfU & t
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    法律状态:
    2007-09-20| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: MM4A Effective date: 20041023 |
    优先权:
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